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Atomistry » Thorium » Chemical Properties » Thorium Sulphate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomistry » Thorium » Chemical Properties » Thorium Sulphate » |
Thorium Sulphate, Th(SO4)2
Thorium Sulphate, Th(SO4)2, is obtained in an anhydrous state by dissolving the dioxide in concentrated sulphuric acid and heating the solution till the excess of sulphuric acid has been evaporated, or by heating the octahydrate Th(SO4)2.8H2O to about 400° C. The anhydrous sulphate has a density of 9.225. It dissolves sparingly in concentrated sulphuric acid, forming an acid sulphate, which is also formed when a saturated aqueous solution of the sulphate is precipitated with concentrated sulphuric acid. The thorium hydrogen sulphates ThH2(SO4)3 and 2Th(SO4)2.H2SO4.2H2O have been obtained.
Thorium sulphate can be dissolved in four times its weight of ice-cold water, forming a solution that is metastable with respect to various hydrates. The salt is noteworthy on account of its different hydrates; the following are known: Enneahydrate, Th(SO4)2.9H2O, monoclinic prisms isomorphous with U(SO4)2.9H2O. Octahydrate, Th(SO4)2.8H2O, monoclinic crystals. Hexahydrate, Th(SO4)2.6H2O. Tetrahydrate, Th(SO4)2.4H2O, fine needles, isomorphous with U(SO4)2.4H2O. Dihydrate, Th(SO4)2.2H2O.
The solubility curve FG on the diagram is that of the salt Th(SO4)2.8H2O, and the curve HK of the salt Th(SO4)2.6H2O. The salt Th(SO4)2.2H2O separates from the solution at about 100° C. Under conditions favourable to the production of the enneahydrate it very frequently happens that the octahydrate is obtained. The latter hydrate, on standing in contact with the solution, becomes converted into the former, but the rate of change is extremely slow.
By the prolonged heating of the tetrahydrate with water an insoluble basic sulphate, ThOSO4.2H2O is produced; the salt ThOSO4.H2O has also been obtained by heating a concentrated solution of thorium sulphate in a sealed tube at 160°-180° C. ThOSO4.5H2O is also known. |
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